Mahesh K. Ashtankar
Electronics Engineering Department
Tulsiramji Gaikwad-Patil College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
mahesh.ashtankar10740@gmail.com
Priyanka R. Tabhane
Electronics Engineering Department
Tulsiramji Gaikwad-Patil College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
priyanka.tabhane22121993@gmail.com
Abstract-
The machine can be advanced for sowing seeds in farm with particular distance between seed is adjusted. It cans automatically sowing seed in land. It can be also used fertilizer sowing instead of seed. The basic requirements of this machine for small scale cropping, they should be suitable for small farms, simple in design and technology and versatile for use in different farm operations. A automatically operated template row planting will designed and developed to improve planting efficiency and reduce drudgery involved in manual planting method. Seed planting is also possible for different size of seed at variable depth and space between two seed. Also it increased seed planting, seed/fertilizer placement accuracies and it is made of durable and low cost material affordable for the small scale peasant farmers. The operating, adjusting and maintaining principles were made simple for effective handling by unskilled operators (farmers). In this project direction is provided by using software programming. By using that proper direction is given to the robot. The farm is not the straight line and smooth. If any obstacle is occurred like stone, electric light pole, trees, etc such new path is establish by automatically without any help.
Keyword: Arduino MEGA2560, motor driver, IR and ultra-sonic Sensors, Battery (12V), wheels, chassis, connecting wires, connectors, Sprinkler, Driller, Spacer, Seed Nozzle, Displacer, Seed Container, Motor Assembly.
Software:Arduino-1.0.5(www.arduino.cc)
I. INTRODUCTION
In the current generation most of the countries do not have sufficient skilled man power specifically in agricultural sector and it affects the growth of developing countries. So it’s a time to automate the sector to overcome this problem. In India there are 70% people dependent on agriculture. Innovative idea of our project is to automate the process of sowing crops such as sunflower, baby corn, groundnut and vegetables like beans, lady’s finger, pumpkin and pulses like black gram, green gram etc & to reduce the human effort and increase the yield. The plantation of seeds is automatically done by using DC motor. The distance between the two seeds are controlled and varied by using Arduino programming. It is also possible to cultivate different kinds of seeds with different distance. When the Robot reaches the end of the field it can change the direction without any help. The whole process is controlled by Arduino. Seed plantation is our day to day life is done by tractor in farms but have a more fuel power also it is used for large scale
area agriculture. The conventional method for seeding is the manual one and it requires more time & the man power shortage is faced continuously. But in case of sowing and plowing machine, it is also used for small scale area and it has a low cost, efficient for farmer and it has a no man power.
II. FEASIBILITY STUDY
Comparisons between seed Sowing Method
The main requirement of Automation is to reduce man power in our country; the buzzword in all industrial firms generally involves electrical, electronic component as well as mechanical part. Automation saves a lot of tedious manual work and speeds up the production processes. Now a day we have lack of man power. Energy required for this machine is less as compared with tractors or any agricultural instrument Pollution is also a big problem which is eliminated by using solar plate. A manual farm consumes more time & leads to more pollution. So it is a time to automate the process of sowing. Another is also need is to increase high speed of operation.
III. METHODOLOGY
The advanced seed plantation machine consists of seed storage container in which the seeds to be planted are stored. Below the need nozzle are provided. It is having hole throughout. In which exactly back displacer are used. For sensing consist of two ultra-sonic sensor type which detect the obstacles in front of the machine and machine rotating 180 degree toward a not working path, it is ignore already working path.
IV. ULTRA-SONIC SENSOR
This is eye of the robot. The Ultra-sonic))) sensor is a device you can use with the BASIC Stamp to measure how far away an object is. With a range of 3 centimetres to 3.3 meters, it’s a shoe-in for any number of robotics and automation projects. It’s also remarkably accurate, easily detecting an object’s distance down to the half centimetre.
How the ultra-sonic))) Sensor Works
In this activity, you will test the ultra-sonic))) sensor and verify that it gives you echo time measurements that correspond to an object’s distance. You will also modify the example program to convert these times into centimetre measurements. If the robot reaches the end point of a path so it rotate 90 degree right then 2nd end point it rotate 90 degree left and finally it is perform continues his operation at the end point of path.
IV. FACILITIES REQUIRED FOR PROPER WORK
In below figure shows there are total four wheels in which front wheel motor energized by DC supply through arduino. Front two wheels are used for rotation of+45 and -45 around bearing. Two DC motor are connected to the wheel of robot. Power supply is connected at last. Power is coming from battery. DC motor has 300 rpm and it operates on the 12Volt supply.
Path Controlling: In this project direction is provided by using software programming. By using that proper direction is given to the robot. The farm is not the straight line and smooth. Figure shows how obstacle problem is solved. If any obstacle is occurred like stone, electric light pole, trees, etc such new path is establish by automatically without any help.
V. SOWING OF SEED & PLANTING
VI. SPEED OF SEED PLANTATION MACHINE DEPENDING UPON MOISTURE:
The speed of advanced seed plantation machine depends on certain moisture level of soil. As shown in figure below we havetaken various results to the advanced seed plantation machine. The standard level of moisture for those seeds is shownin red column. It shows the characteristics with good performance as explained below.
VII. ADVANTAGES AND DISSADVANTAGES:
VIII. FUTURE IMPLEMENTATION
The system can be advanced for sowing seeds in farm with particular distance between seed is adjusted. It cans automatically sowing seed in land, when providing water supply to this system. It can be also used fertilizer sowing instead of seed. The system can further be modified by one or many systems can be monitored through GSM system, so at time implementation of PCB then separate port is assign to RS-232 for serial communication.
IX. CONCLUSION
This paper has presented the requirements and progress made towards achieving a future precision autonomous farmingsystem. The assembly is developed for cultivating ploughed land automatically i.e. less power is required. The blockingof seed problem is eliminated with the help of water pressure. So this project increases the efficiency and accuracy. Theproject consists of two different mechanisms. The first mechanism contains making an assembly of vehicle and itsmotion, whereas second mechanism is preparing a seed bed on ploughed land. The Arduino is used to controland monitor the process of system motion of vehicle. It is controlled with help of DC motor and servo motor.This system also detect obstacle present in the path of the vehicle by infrared sensor. It is also used for sensing turningposition of vehicle at the end of the land. Because of no man power requirement and high speed of operation, it hasscope for further expansion. The aim of solving of today’s seed sowing problem is solved by this machine.
X. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are extremely happy to present the paper on “Automatic Sowing and Plowing Agriculture Machine”. We are thankful to Prof. Mr. Amit Fulsunge for encouragement and support that he has entreated. We have jointly made every possible effort to eliminate all the errors in this paper.
XI. REFERENCES
- Shrinivas R. Zanwar, R. D. Kokate (June-2012), Advanced Agriculture System-International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) magazine.
- S. Chandika ME AMIE (June 2009), Automation and Emerging Technology Development of 2d Seed Sowing Robo-Journal of agriculture science.
- H. Pota, R. Eaton, J. Katupitiya, S.D. Pathirana (2007), Agricultural robotics: A streamlined approach to realization of autonomous farming, Second international conference on industrial and information system, IEEE.
- Advanced Robotic Weeding System, Ajit G Deshmukh&V.A. Kulkarni, ITSI Transactions on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ITSITEEE)
- Chengliang Liu, Mingjun Wang, and Jun Zhou (2008), coordinating control for an agricultural vehicle with individual wheel speeds and steering angles, IEEE control systems magazine.
- Solar cell operation and modelling, DragicaVasileska, ASU Gerhard Klimeck, Purdue
- H. Mazidi, Arduino and its Applications.
